EPSG:3891 — IGRS / UTM zone 38N
IGRS / UTM zone 38N (EPSG:3891) — a Projected (metres) system on the GRS80 datum, used in Iraq. Parameters, proj4, WKT, accuracy ±0.1 m, plus a free converter to WGS84 a…
At a glance
- EPSG
- 3891
- Name
- IGRS / UTM zone 38N
- Kind
- Projected (metres)
- Family
- Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM)
- Ellipsoid
- GRS80
- Accuracy
- ±0.1 m (vs PROJ)
- Countries
- Iraq
Area of use
| West | 42.00° |
| South | 29.06° |
| East | 48.00° |
| North | 37.39° |
Projection parameters
| Projection | utm |
| UTM zone | 38 |
| Ellipsoid | GRS80 |
| Units | m |
+proj=utm +zone=38 +ellps=GRS80 +units=m +no_defs
PROJCS["IGRS / UTM zone 38N",GEOGCS["GCS_IGRS / UTM zone 38N",DATUM["D_GRS_1980",SPHEROID["GRS_1980",6378137,298.257222101]],PRIMEM["Greenwich",0],UNIT["Degree",0.0174532925199433]],PROJECTION["Transverse_Mercator"],PARAMETER["False_Easting",500000],PARAMETER["False_Northing",0],PARAMETER["Central_Meridian",45],PARAMETER["Scale_Factor",0.9996],PARAMETER["Latitude_Of_Origin",0],UNIT["Meter",1],AUTHORITY["EPSG","3891"]]
Sample conversion
Iraq capital: WGS84 44.36610, 33.31520 → EPSG:3891 440994.674, 3686410.212
Values are within ±0.1 m at the test point.
About the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) family
IGRS / UTM zone 38N is a Universal Transverse Mercator zone — a 6°-wide belt of the worldwide UTM system, in metres, centred on a meridian carefully chosen so distortion stays low across the zone. It is the everyday working grid for GPS-derived surveying in Iraq.
The classic field mistake with UTM is using the wrong zone: a point one zone away is easily hundreds of kilometres off. Always confirm the zone number (and the hemisphere) before importing coordinates, and remember that UTM eastings are offset by a 500 km false easting so they never go negative.
Related systems
- EPSG:3391 — Karbala 1979 / UTM zone 37N
- EPSG:3392 — Karbala 1979 / UTM zone 38N
- EPSG:3393 — Karbala 1979 / UTM zone 39N
- EPSG:3394 — Nahrwan 1934 / Iraq zone (LCC)
- EPSG:3889 — IGRS
- EPSG:3890 — IGRS / UTM zone 37N
- EPSG:32637 — WGS 84 / UTM zone 37N
- EPSG:32638 — WGS 84 / UTM zone 38N
- EPSG:32639 — WGS 84 / UTM zone 39N
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